{
  "$schema": "https://openexercise.org/schema/v0/exercise.json",
  "aliases": [
    {
      "text": "Push Press",
      "kind": "common"
    },
    {
      "text": "Push OHP",
      "kind": "abbreviation"
    },
    {
      "text": "Overhead Push Press",
      "kind": "common"
    }
  ],
  "anatomy": {
    "muscles": [
      {
        "muscle": "deltoid-anterior",
        "role": "prime-mover"
      },
      {
        "muscle": "quadriceps",
        "role": "prime-mover"
      },
      {
        "muscle": "triceps-brachii",
        "role": "synergist"
      },
      {
        "muscle": "gluteus-maximus",
        "role": "synergist"
      },
      {
        "muscle": "deltoid-lateral",
        "role": "synergist"
      },
      {
        "muscle": "trapezius-upper",
        "role": "synergist"
      },
      {
        "muscle": "erector-spinae",
        "role": "stabilizer"
      },
      {
        "muscle": "rectus-abdominis",
        "role": "stabilizer"
      }
    ],
    "joints": [
      {
        "joint": "glenohumeral",
        "actions": [
          "flexion",
          "abduction"
        ]
      },
      {
        "joint": "elbow",
        "actions": [
          "extension"
        ]
      },
      {
        "joint": "hip",
        "actions": [
          "flexion",
          "extension"
        ]
      },
      {
        "joint": "knee",
        "actions": [
          "flexion",
          "extension"
        ]
      },
      {
        "joint": "ankle",
        "actions": [
          "plantarflexion"
        ]
      },
      {
        "joint": "scapulothoracic",
        "actions": [
          "upward-rotation",
          "elevation"
        ]
      },
      {
        "joint": "lumbar-spine",
        "actions": [
          "isometric-stabilization"
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "classification": {
    "modalities": [
      "strength",
      "power",
      "olympic-weightlifting"
    ],
    "movement_patterns": [
      "vertical-push"
    ],
    "mechanics": "compound",
    "force": "push",
    "kinetic_chain": "mixed",
    "laterality": "bilateral",
    "planes": [
      "sagittal"
    ],
    "contraction": [
      "dynamic",
      "ballistic"
    ],
    "level": "intermediate"
  },
  "equipment": {
    "optional": [
      "squat-rack",
      "power-rack"
    ],
    "required": [
      [
        "barbell"
      ]
    ]
  },
  "external_ids": {
    "wger": "1440"
  },
  "id": "oec:barbell-push-press",
  "instructions": {
    "setup": [
      "Set a barbell in a rack at approximately collarbone height.",
      "Grip the bar slightly wider than shoulder width with a full overhand grip.",
      "Position the bar securely across your anterior deltoids and clavicles with elbows pointed forward and down.",
      "Unrack the barbell and step back into a hip-width stance with a tall, upright torso."
    ],
    "steps": [
      "Brace your core and initiate a shallow vertical dip by bending your knees forward while keeping your torso completely upright.",
      "Explosively reverse the dip by driving aggressively through your midfoot and extending your hips and knees.",
      "Use the upward momentum from your legs to propel the barbell off your shoulders, tilting your head slightly back to clear the chin.",
      "Press the bar overhead to full lockout as your arms finish the movement, pushing your head forward into a neutral position once the bar clears.",
      "Lower the bar under control back to the front rack position by absorbing the impact with a slight knee bend before beginning the next repetition."
    ],
    "breathing": "Inhale deeply and brace your abdominals before initiating the dip, hold your breath through the drive, and exhale as the bar reaches lockout overhead.",
    "cues": [
      "Dip straight down like an elevator.",
      "Explode through the floor.",
      "Punch the ceiling."
    ],
    "common_faults": [
      {
        "fault": "Dipping forward by hinging at the hips instead of bending the knees.",
        "correction": "Keep your torso perfectly vertical during the dip so momentum transfers straight upward."
      },
      {
        "fault": "Pressing early with the arms before the leg drive finishes.",
        "correction": "Wait until your hips and knees reach full extension before pressing actively with the upper body."
      },
      {
        "fault": "Re-bending the knees to catch the bar under lockout.",
        "correction": "Finish the lift with straight knees; dipping under the bar turns the push press into a push jerk."
      }
    ],
    "safety": {
      "precautions": [
        "Ensure clear overhead clearance before lifting.",
        "Keep the lower back braced to prevent excessive lumbar hyperextension during the press."
      ],
      "spotter": "not-needed"
    }
  },
  "measurement": {
    "load": {
      "convention": "total",
      "implements": 1,
      "kind": "external"
    },
    "profiles": [
      {
        "required": [
          "reps",
          "load"
        ],
        "optional": [
          "rpe"
        ]
      }
    ],
    "records": {
      "e1rm": true,
      "volume": true
    },
    "reps_counted": "total"
  },
  "name": "Barbell Push Press",
  "previous_ids": [
    "oec:push-ohp"
  ],
  "provenance": {
    "generated": [
      "/name",
      "/summary",
      "/classification",
      "/anatomy",
      "/equipment",
      "/measurement",
      "/instructions",
      "/setup",
      "/relations"
    ],
    "license": "CC-BY-SA-4.0",
    "review": {
      "status": "machine-generated",
      "model": "gemini-3.8-flash",
      "at": "2026-10-31"
    },
    "sources": [
      {
        "title": "wger: Push OHP",
        "url": "https://wger.de/en/exercise/1440/view-base",
        "license": "CC-BY-SA-4.0",
        "author": "M9"
      }
    ]
  },
  "relations": [
    {
      "type": "variation-of",
      "target": "oec:barbell-overhead-press"
    },
    {
      "type": "substitute-for",
      "target": "oec:dumbbell-push-press"
    },
    {
      "type": "regression-of",
      "target": "oec:barbell-split-jerk"
    },
    {
      "type": "regression-of",
      "target": "oec:barbell-thruster"
    }
  ],
  "setup": {
    "grip": {
      "orientation": "pronated",
      "width": "shoulder"
    },
    "load_position": "front-rack",
    "position": "standing",
    "range": "full",
    "stance": {
      "kind": "parallel",
      "width": "hip"
    }
  },
  "status": "active",
  "summary": "A standing overhead lift utilizing a rapid lower-body dip and drive to launch a barbell overhead to lockout."
}